According to veterinary behaviorists, the answer is almost always no. Animals are not driven by spite; they are driven by instinct, fear, and medical necessity.
There is also a direct human health link. A veterinarian who misreads the subtle warning signs of a fearful patient is at risk for a life-altering bite. A horse that crib-bites out of chronic gastric ulcer pain poses a colic risk. A parrot that plucks feathers due to proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) versus boredom requires entirely different interventions. zooskool torrent verified