: Published in the journal Gels .
In 2021, soft matter physics evolved significantly into the realm of (self-propelled particles like bacteria or synthetic micro-swimmers). Researchers frequently cite Doi’s work to build models for these non-equilibrium systems.
While Masao Doi's primary textbook, Soft Matter Physics , was originally published by Oxford University Press in
Doi defines soft matter as a class of materials—including surfactants and biological membranes—that occupy a unique space between simple fluids and solids. His pedagogical approach focuses on several unifying physical principles: