, 1986). This monumental work is widely considered the most comprehensive and authoritative account of the Institute for Social Research. www.politybooks.com Where to Find it for Free (PDF & Online)
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Wiggershaus traces the Institute’s journey from its 1923 founding in Frankfurt, through its exile in New York and Los Angeles during the Nazi era, and its post-war return to Germany. He explains how the school shifted from "Marxist optimism" to the more "pessimistic" views found in Dialectic of Enlightenment .